Scarab with Figure of Seth-Baal on a Lion
Unknown Artist
ca. 1295–1070 B.C.
Medium
Faience
Dimensions
L. 1.5 × W. 1 × H. 0.7 cm (9/16 × 3/8 × 1/4 in.)
Classification
Scarab, Seth -Baal, lion, deity
Period
New Kingdom
Department
Egyptian Art
Museum
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY
Credit
Rogers Fund and Edward S. Harkness Gift, 1922
Accession Number
22.1.451
Rights
Public Domain
Art Historical Context
This exquisite scarab amulet, crafted during Egypt's New Kingdom (Dynasty 19–20, ca. 1295–1070 B.C.), showcases the Ramesside period's fascination with divine syncretism. Measuring just 1.5 cm long, it depicts Seth-Baal, a hybrid deity blending the Egyptian god Seth—lord of chaos and storms—with Baal, the Canaanite storm god. Perched triumphantly on a lion, figure symbolizes power and protection, reflecting Egypt's cultural exchanges with the Levant amid military campaigns and trade. Scarab beetles were sacred emblems of rebirth and the sun god Khepri, widely used as seals, jewelry, and talismans. This faience example—vibrant blue-green glazed quartz frit—mimics precious stones like lapis lazuli, making durable, colorful artifacts accessible beyond elites. The intricate carving highlights masterful micro-engraving techniques, where details like the lion's mane and deity's stance were incised with precision. Acquired in 1922 through the Rogers Fund and Edward S. Harkness Gift, this tiny treasure at the Metropolitan Museum of Art illuminates the New Kingdom's cosmopolitan worldview, where foreign gods were embraced to bolster royal might and personal fortune. A perfect pocket guardian for ancient wearers!